A Simplest Method to Enhance the Benefits of Internal Thoracic Artery Distal Occlusion

Abstract A common element of internal thoracic artery harvesting techniques is a distal vascular clamp placement at the end of the procedure, not only to avoid bleeding, but also to increase the internal hydrostatic pressure, diameter and flow. The logic indicates that the placement of this clamp at the beginning of the dissection will allow the artery to benefit earlier from these advantages. After more than five years of experience, we present a modification in the classical technique of skeletonized harvesting of the internal thoracic artery, consisting of artery distal occlusion at the beginning of the procedure. Some of its advantages are discussed.

Evaluación de la eficacia de los protocolos de recuperación mejorada en cirugía cardiaca. Protocolo de Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado / Assessment of the efficacy of improved recovery protocols in cardiac surgery. Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol

Introducción: Múltiples son los artículos publicados que abordan el tema de la ciencia abierta y su importancia para la sociedad, especialmente para la comunidad de investigadores. Esta constituye, ineludiblemente, el presente y futuro de las revistas científicas como método de expandir las investigaciones con alta calidad y credibilidad. La ciencia abierta como movimiento, tiene varios componentes y dentro de ellos, la gestión de citas y referencias de datos, códigos y materiales, que fundamentan la necesidad de que los autores tengan disponibles los contenidos subyacentes a los artículos que se publican y que constituyen la base de los resultados obtenidos en cada investigación. Objetivo: Evaluación de la eficacia de los protocolos de recuperación mejorada en cirugía cardiaca. Métodos: El protocolo que se propone fue elaborado por la investigadora principal (registro público cubano de ensayos clínicos RPCEC00000304) y se describe acorde a las recomendaciones de la lista internacional de chequeo para ensayos clínicos (SPIRIT). Conclusiones: Estarían en relación a si se puede demostrar, después de terminada la investigación, si el protocolo motivo de la Intervención, es mejor, igual o peor que el protocolo de control(AU)

Introduction: There are multiple articles published that address the subject of open science and its importance for society, especially for the research community. This constitutes, inevitably, the present and future of scientific journals as a method of expanding research with high quality and credibility. Open science, as a movement, has several components including the management of citations and references of data, codes and materials, which support the need for authors to have available the underlying content of the articles published and constituting the base for the results obtained in each investigation. Objective: Assessment of the efficacy of improved recovery protocols in cardiac surgery. Methods: The proposed protocol was prepared by the main researcher (Cuban public registry of clinical trials: RPCEC00000304) and is described according to the recommendations of the international checklist for clinical trials (SPIRIT). Conclusions: They would be related to whether it can be demonstrated, after the end of the investigation, if the protocol reason for the intervention is better, equal to, or worse than the control protocol(AU)

Aparato tipo Hawley con modificaciones en incisivo central retenido por supernumerarios / Maxillary Hawley Appliance-type with modifications in central incisor retained by supernumeraries

RESUMEN Introducción: el tratamiento de dientes incluidos es uno de los problemas que se presentan en pacientes que requieren tratamiento de Ortodoncia. Presentación del caso: paciente de 10 años, con antecedentes de salud que acude a la consulta de Ortodoncia por presentar alteraciones en el brote de los incisivos superiores. Al examen bucal presenta dentición mixta con ausencia clínica de 21. En rayos X panorámico se observa 21 retenido asociado a diente supernumerario. El tratamiento de elección fue la combinación ortodóncica quirúrgica. Conclusiones: con un manejo interdisciplinario adecuado, mediante técnicas innovadoras y económicas, se logró llevar el diente al arco dentario, corregir líneas medias, restablecer la estética y la función en un caso poco común por su localización en los dientes centrales, que, al ser más visibles, puede afectar estética y psicológicamente a los niños en su interacción con el medio social.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the treatment of impacted teeth is one of the problems that arise in patients requiring orthodontic treatment. Case Report: a 10-year-and-5-month patient having a health history comes to the orthodontic office for presenting alterations in the eruption of the upper incisors. On the oral examination she presented mixed dentition with clinical absence of 21 and the panoramic x-rays showed the retention of the 21 which is associated with a supernumerary tooth. The treatment of choice was the surgical orthodontic combination. Conclusions: with an appropriate interdisciplinary management, leaving the traditional way, and by means of innovative along with economic techniques, it was possible to bring the tooth to the dental arch, correct midlines, reestablish esthetics and function in an uncommon case due to its location in the central teeth, which, being more visible, can affect esthetically and psychologically the children in their interaction with the social environment.

Connaissances et consommation des boissons énergisantes par des professionnels et des amateurs du football algérien / Knowledge and consumption of energy drinks by professionals and amateurs of algerian football

Introduction et objectif : Les boissons énergisantes (BE) sont de plus en plus populaires en Algérie ainsi qu'ailleurs dans le monde. Elles sont particulièrement consommées par les sportifs qui les confondent souvent avec les boissons énergétiques. Le présent travail vise à évaluer les connaissances et les habitudes de consommation des BE en milieu footballistique. Méthodes : il s'agit d'une étude transversale à visée descriptive via un questionnaire auprès des professionnels et des amateurs du football du moment où ce dernier occupe une place prééminente par rapport à d'autres sports. Les données ont été traitées par les logiciels Excel et SPSS et les résultats comparatifs ont été estimés par le test de khi-deux avec un niveau de signification de p<5%. Résultats : L'étude a été réalisée auprès de 165 joueurs (appartenant à 14 clubs), 27 arbitres et 13 entraîneurs. Les résultats révèlent une consommation accrue des BE (63,90%) qui commence après le début du parcours sportif (50,38%), notamment par les jeunes joueurs et arbitres, croyant aux vertus attribuées à ces boissons, comme l'amélioration des performances, négligeant les effets potentiels sur la santé. Presque tous les enquêtés affirment connaître ces breuvages (97%), et pourtant seuls 22% connaissent leur composition, uniquement 27% font la distinction entre ces derniers et les boissons énergétiques, 16% les trouvent bonnes pour la santé et 59% pensent qu'elles améliorent les performances physiques. Conclusion : Des mesures de prévention et une réglementation spécifiques aux BE doivent être profondément étudiées et mises en place.

Introduction and objective: Energy drinks are becoming increasingly popular in Algeria and elsewhere in the world. They are particularly consumed by athletes who often confuse them with "sport drinks". This study aims to assess the knowledge and consumption habits of energy drinks in a football environment. Methods: we realized a cross-sectional survey via questionnaire among professionals and amateurs of football because the latter occupies a prominent place compared to other sports. The data were handled by Excel and SPSS softwares and the comparative results were estimated by the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 5%. Results: The study included 165 players - belonging to 14 clubs-, 27 referees and 13 coaches. Results indicate increased consumption of these drinks (63.90%) wich starts after beginning the Sports activities (50.38%), in particular by the young players and referees, believing in the virtues attributed to these beverages, such as improving performance, neglecting the potential health effects. Almost all of the investigated claim to know energy drinks (97%), and nevertheless only 22% know their composition, only 27% make the distinction between these beverages and the sport drinks, 16% find them good for the health and 59% thinks that they improve the physical performance. Conclusion: Prevention measures and regulations specific in energy drinks must be deeply studied and put in place.

Immunohistochemical analysis of S100-positive epidermal Langerhans cells in dermatofibrom

Abstract Dermatofibroma is a dermal fibrohistiocytic neoplasm. The Langerhans cells are the immunocompetent cells of the epidermis, and they represent the first defense barrier of the immune system towards the environment. The objective was to immunohistologically compare the densities of S100-positive Langerhans cells in the healthy peritumoral epidermis against those in the epidermis overlying dermatofibroma (20 cases), using antibodies against the S100 molecule (the immunophenotypic hallmark of Langerhans cells). The control group (normal, healthy skin) included ten healthy age and sex-matched individuals who underwent skin biopsies for benign skin lesions. A significantly high density of Langerhans cells was observed both in the epidermis of the healthy skin (6.00 ± 0.29) and the peritumoral epidermis (6.44 ± 0.41) vs. those in the epidermis overlying the tumor (1.44 ± 0.33, p < 0.05). The quantitative deficit of Langerhans cells in the epidermis overlying dermatofibroma may be a possible factor in its development.

Caracterización de los anticuerpos anti-HLA en posibles receptores cubanos de trasplante cardiaco / Characterization of anti-HLA antibodies in Cuban possible receptors of heart transplant

Introducción: En la supervivencia del corazón trasplantado son de importancia el empleo de los anticuerpos contra el sistema principal de histocompatibilidad (anticuerpos anti-HLA). Hace seis años se introdujo en Cuba el porcentaje de anticuerpos anti-HLA frente a panel (PRA) por método de ensayo de inmunoabsorción ligado a enzima (ELISA) como parte de las pruebas de compatibilidad pretrasplante de los receptores de trasplante cardiaco. Objetivo: Caracterizar los anticuerpos anti-HLA en pacientes receptores cubanos de trasplante cardiaco. Métodos: Entre septiembre de 2013 y abril de 2017 se les realizó el PRA por ELISA a 38 muestras de pacientes recibidas en el laboratorio de histocompatibilidad del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. Se utilizó la comparación de proporciones para el análisis estadístico. Resultados: El 47,4 por ciento de los pacientes estudiados presentó anticuerpos anti-HLA, fueron los más frecuentes los de clase I. La proporción de pacientes con PRA del 0 por ciento fue mayor en PRA clase II que en I (p: 0,0027). Mientras que fue mayor la proporción de pacientes con PRA clase I entre el 20 y el 75 por ciento (p: 0,0046). El 77,8 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo un PRA clase I mayor al 10 por ciento y en el PRA clase II alcanzó el 80 por ciento. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de anticuerpos anti-HLA frente a panel por método de ensayo de inmunoabsorción ligado a enzima permitió una mejor caracterización de los anticuerpos anti-HLA, lo que contribuyó a mejorar la compatibilidad en este tipo de paciente(AU)

Introduction: In survival after heart transplantation, the use of antibodies against the main histocompatibility system (anti-HLA antibodies) is important. Six years ago, the percentage of anti-HLA antibodies against panel (PRA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was introduced in Cuba as part of the pre-transplant compatibility tests of heart transplant recipients. Objective: To characterize anti-HLA antibodies in Cuban heart transplant recipients. Methods: Between September 2013 and April 2017, PRA by ELISA was performed on 38 patient samples received in the histocompatibility laboratory of the Institute of Hematology and Immunology. Comparison of proportions was used for statistical analysis. Results: 47.4 percent of the study patients presented anti-HLA antibodies; those in class were the most frequent. The proportion of patients with PRA of 0 percent was higher in PRA class II than in class I (p=0.0027). The proportion of patients with PRA class I was greater, accounting for 20-75 percent (p=0.0046). 77.8 percent of the patients had a class I PRA greater than 10 percent, while in class II PRA it reached 80 percent. Conclusions: The percentage of anti-HLA antibodies versus a panel of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method allowed better characterization of anti-HLA antibodies, which contributed to improving compatibility in this type of patient(AU)

Plasma Asprosin Levels Changes in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Rats with and without Gestational Diabetes

Objective: We hypothesized that asprosin might be increased during pregnancy and gestational diabetes (GD) suggesting a potential role in food intake stimulation during pregnancy and suggesting a role in prediction of GD so, we analyzed changes in plasma asprosin levels in pregnant and non-pregnant rats with and without gestational diabetes. Methods: 40 female rats divided into 4 groups; control non-pregnant, normal pregnant, untreated GD and insulin-treated GD groups. In all groups, body weights (BW), body length, body mass index (BMI) and food intake, levels of asprosin, estrogen, progesterone, serum levels of insulin, glucose and lipid profile were measured. HOMAIR and HOMA-B were calculated. Results: Asprosin levels were found higher in pregnant, GDM and insulin-treated groups in comparison with control group (p ≤ 0.001, p ≤ 0.0001 and p ≤ 0.0001 respectively). Asprosin levels were higher in GDM group during early and late pregnancy in comparison with the pregnant group (p ≤ 0.0001). Asprosin levels decreased in insulin-treated group compared with GDM group (p ≤ 0.0001). Asprosin levels correlated positively with body weight (r=0.821, p<0.05), body mass index (p<0.05), food intake, serum glucose (r=0.9958, p<0.00001), HOMA-IR, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c and VLDL and negatively correlated to HOMA-B, HDL, estradiol and progesterone levels. Conclusion: asprosin levels were significantly elevated during normal pregnancy suggesting that asprosin may have a physiological role during pregnancy as it may participate in stimulation of appetite and food intake commonly occurring during pregnancy. GD rats were found to have significant higher asprosin compared to pregnant group. Asprosin may be a potential factor predicting diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.

Disección de la arteria mamaria interna en cirugía cardíaca: Una historia no siempre bien contada / Internal mammary artery harvesting in cardiac surgery: an often mistold story

RESUMEN La arteria mamaria interna es el hemoducto de elección para injertar en la arteria coronaria descendente anterior. Un enorme cuerpo de evidencia demuestra que los resultados de la cirugía de revascularización miocárdica en el corto y largo plazo dependen de determinados factores relacionados con la preparación de la arteria, como su flujo y el grado de vascularización esternal residual. Por ese motivo, en las últimas décadas el procedimiento de disección de la arteria mamaria interna ha recibido tanta atención como la técnica de construcción de los injertos. Sin embargo, la historia de su origen y posterior evolución no ha sido siempre adecuadamente contada y muchas imprecisiones se han trasmitido a lo largo de los años.

ABSTRACT The left internal mammary artery is the conduit of choice for left anterior descending coronary artery grafting. A huge body of evidence shows that the short and long-term outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting depend on specific factors related to the preparation of the artery, namely, its blood flow and residual sternal vascularization degree. Accordingly, the internal mammary artery harvesting has received as much attention as the grafting construction technique in recent decades. However, the story of its origins and subsequent progress has not always been properly told as many inaccuracies have been passed on over the years.

Strain-strain rate imaging of impaired left atrial function in patients with metabolic syndrome

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) predisposes to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure, however, alterations in left atrial (LA) function in MS are unknown. Objectives: We aimed to use strain/strain rate (SR) imaging to investigate the effect of MS on LA function. Subjects and Methods: This prospective case control study included a total of 100 subjects divided in to 75 metabolic syndrome (MS) patients referred to Al-Azhar university hospital outpatient clinic for evaluation and treatment of hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and 25 age and sex matched apparently healthy volunteers as a control group. All subjects underwent conventional echocardiographic examination and assessment of LA function by speckle tracking. Partial correlation and multiple stepwise regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors for impaired LA function. Results: Compared with the controls, the MS patients showed significantly lower levels of mean strain, mean peak systolic SR and mean peak early diastolic SR (P<0.05 for all), with no difference in the mean peak late diastolic SR. Central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and uncontrolled diabetes were independent risk factors for impaired LA function. Conclusion: SR imaging is reliable in assessing LA function in MS patients

Prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction in relation to type of vascular access in chronic hemodialysis patients: monocentric study

Background: chronic renal failure [CRF] is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Chronic renal failure affects almost every system of the body and results in various functional and structural abnormalities. Life-sustaining haemodialysis [HD] requires durable vascular access [VA] to the circulatory system. An arteriovenous fistula is currently considered the gold standard access for hemodialysis, as it has lower risk for infection, lower tendency to thrombotic occlusion, greater blood flow, reduced treatment time and is less expensive to maintain than alternative vascular access methodologies. Patients on hemodialysis have several risk factors for developing PH: LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction, volume overload, endothelial dysfunction and sleep-discorded breathing

Aim of the Work: The aim of the current study was the prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction in relation to type of the vascular access in chronic hemodialysis patients

Patients and Methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 subjects on regular hemodialysis more than six months duration, 62 males [62%] and 38 females [38%]. The patients' age ranged between 24 and 76 years. They were selected from dialysis unit in Aswan health insurance hospital. All patients were subjected to the following: full history taking and clinical examination, vascular access examination [Types and patency], laboratory investigations. ECG for arrhythmias "AF, PVCs, Ischemic changes, LVH" and Echo parameters findings "RT. Vent. Systolic pressure, Rt. Vent. diastolic dysfunction, Rt. vent. dimensions, PHT and LVH]

Results: percentage of right ventricular diastolic dysfunction was higher in patients of A-V fistula [47.5%] than [42.4 %] in cases of A-V graft and [33.3%] in patients with permanent catheter and there was significant statistical difference between right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and types of vascular access [p=0.043]. The percentage of Rt. Ventricular diastolic dysfunction was higher in patients with low flux dialyzer membrane [83.3%] than in patients with high flux dialyzer [16.7%] but without significant statistical difference. There was no statistical difference between types of vascular access and attacks of recurrent of hypotension during dialysis session among chronic hemodialysis patients in the study. The percentage of Rt. Ventricular diastolic dysfunction was higher in patients with low flux dialyzer membrane [83.3%] than in patients with high flux dialyzer [16.7%] but without significant statistical difference

Conclusion: this study concluded a significant ventricular diastolic dysfunction in relation to type of vascular access in chronic hemodialysis patients. Vascular access type has a significant relationship to the incidence of pulmonary hypertension and Right ventricular systolic pressure [RVSP] in chronic hemodialysis patients

Ameliorative effect of borage seeds oil against radiation-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Background: Oxidative stress is known to be a key factor in several diseases and was reported as a result of radiation exposure in human and experimental animals. Borage [Borago officinal L.] oil contains a high percentage of g-linolenic acid, which reported as a preventive treatment of a wide range of disorders

Aim: The present study was designed to determine the possible protective effects of borage seeds oil against gamma [gamma-] radiation induced oxidative stress in male rats

Materials and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into five groups [6 rats each]: Control, irradiated; rats were exposed to [6.5 Gy] of whole body gamma-radiation, borage seeds [50 mg/kg b.wt], irradiated borage treated pre-irradiated and borage treated post-irradiated. Serum aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT] levels, as well as serum and hepatic reduced glutathione [GSH], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and lipid peroxide [malondialdehyde] [MDA] levels were assessed

Results: The results showed that, activities of GSH were highly significant decrease, while marked highly significant increase in MDA due to irradiation. Supplementation with BO before or treated after irradiation, exerted marked amelioration of irradiation induced disturbances in all the investigated parameters. Therefore, borage could have a beneficial role in modulating oxidative stress by improving the natural antioxidant mechanism

Conclusion: borage has a beneficial role in reducing hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by radiation exposure

Characterization of respiratory manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infected patients

Background: chronic hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection has been reported in association with several extrahepatic manifestations. Chronic HCV infection is also associated with both direct and indirect effects on pulmonary tissue

Purpose: to evaluate phenotypes of respiratory manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus

Patients and Methods: 1-this study was conducted on 150 Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C. Patients were selected from those attending the in patients and out patients clinic of the Tropical Medicine and Chest Departments, Al-Azhar University Hospital-Damietta from September 2016 to Septamber 2018. 2-also ,50 healthy subjects matched for age and sex were included as volunteer.3-consent was informed by all patients and volunteer shared in this study

Results: C.O.P.D: documented in 32 patients [21.3%].Asthma: documented in 15 patients [10%] of all patients. Air way hyperreactivity: documented in 15patients [10%] of all patients. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [IPF]: is presented in 37 patients [24.6%]. Pneumonia: documented in 10 patients [6%] of all patients. Transudative pleural effusion: documented in 10 patients [6%] of all patients. Adenocarcinoma: documented in 5 patients [3.3%] of all patients. Pseudolymphoma: documented in 1 patient [0.006%] of all patients. Lung abscess: documented in 10 patient [6%] of all patients. Pulmonary embolism: documented in 5 patients [3.3%] of all patients. Hepatopulmonary syndrome: documented in 10 patients [6%] of all patients

Conclusion: Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is related to the development of several pulmonary abnormalities. These pulmonary manifestations of HCV infection are frequently underdiagnosed

Recommendations: Any patient with chronic HCV infection should be evaluated with HRCT chest and pulmonary function tests for early diagnosis of pulmonary abnormalities to prevent further complications

Impact of cartilage graft size on success of tympanoplasty / Impacto do tamanho do enxerto de cartilagem no sucesso da timpanoplastia

Abstract Introduction: In the last decade, there has been an increasing use of cartilage grafts in the primary repair of tympanic membrane perforations. The major advantages of cartilage are its stiffness and its very low metabolic requirements, which make it particularly suitable for difficult conditions, such as subtotal perforations, adhesive otitis and reoperation. Objective: To analyze the impact of different perforation sizes requiring different sizes of cartilage on the anatomical and functional outcome after tympanoplasty. Methods: Through this prospective non-controlled, non-randomized study, 50 patients underwent cartilage type 1 tympanoplasty (20 females and 30 males), with a mean age of 19.3 ± 9.8 years. According to size of perforation, patients were subdivided into three groups, Group I had perforation >50% of tympanic membrane area, in Group II patients the perforations were 25-50% of tympanic membrane area, and in Group III the perforations were ≤25% of tympanic membrane. All patients had pre and postoperative Pure Tone Average and Air Bone Gap frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz). All patients were followed up at least 12 months after operation. Results: The anatomical success rate among all patients was 92%, all groups showed statistical significant improvement between pre and postoperative air bone gap, no significant correlation between size of cartilage graft and degree of air bone gap improvement was noticed among the three groups. Conclusion: Size of a cartilage graft has no impact on degree of hearing improvement or anatomical success rate after tympanoplasty.

Resumo Introdução: Na última década, tem havido um interesse crescente no uso de enxertos de cartilagem como opção para o reparo de perfurações primárias de membrana timpânica. As principais vantagens da cartilagem são a sua rigidez e o metabolismo braditrófico, o que a torna particularmente adequada para condições difíceis, tais como perfurações subtotais, otite adesiva e reoperações. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto de diferentes tamanhos de perfuração, portanto diferentes tamanhos de cartilagem, sobre o desfecho anatômico e funcional da timpanoplastia. Método: Através deste estudo prospectivo, não controlado, não randomizado, 50 pacientes foram submetidos a timpanoplastia de cartilagem tipo 1 (20 mulheres e 30 homens), com idade média de 19,3 ± 9,8 anos. De acordo com o tamanho da perfuração, os pacientes foram subdivididos em três grupos, Grupo I com perfuração > 50% da área da membrana timpânica, Grupo II com perfuração de 25%-50% da área da membrana timpânica, Grupo III com perfuração ≤ 25% da membrana timpânica. Todos apresentavam Audiometria tonal pura pré e pós-operatório - gap Aéreo-Ósseo para frequências testadas (0,5, 1, 2, 4 kHz). Todos os pacientes foram acompanhados por pelo menos 12 meses após a cirurgia. Resultados: A taxa de sucesso anatômico entre todos os pacientes foi de 92%, todos os grupos apresentaram melhoria estatisticamente significante entre pré e pós-operatório nos três grupos, não houve correlação significante entre o tamanho do enxerto de cartilagem e observou-se algum grau de melhoria do gap nos 3 grupos. Conclusão: O tamanho do enxerto de cartilagem não tem impacto sobre o grau de melhoria da audição ou na taxa de sucesso anatômico após timpanoplastia.

Hipotensão pós-exercício resistido entre homens jovens e de meia idade / Post-resistance exercise hypotension is similar between Young and middle-aged men

A hipotensão pós-exercício foi extensivamente descrita em jovens. Entretanto, os parâmetros hemodinâmicos mudam com a idade e as respostas pós-exercício também podem variar. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a hipotensão pós-exercício resistido em sujeitos jovens e de meia idade. Método: Nove homens jovens (24 ± 1 anos) e oito de meia idade (42 ± 3 anos) participaram de duas sessões experimentais realizadas em ordem aleatória: controle (C: 40 minutos sentado em repouso) e exercício (E: seis exercícios, três séries, repetições até a fadiga moderada, em 50% de uma repetição máxima). Antes e 60 minutos após as intervenções, a pressão arterial clínica (PA) e frequência cardíaca (FC) foram medidas. Além disso, a PA e FC ambulatoriais foram mensuradas por 24 h após as sessões. O duplo produto (DP) foi calculado. Resultados: Os valores pré-intervenções foram semelhantes entre as sessões e os grupos. As respostas ao exercício também não diferiram entre os jovens e idosos. Assim, as PAs sistólica, diastólica e média diminuíram significante e similarmente pós-exercício nos dois grupos (valores combinados = -6,4 ± 1,6; -4,5 ± 1,8; -5,1 ± 1,5 mmHg, respectivamente, p ≤ 0,05) enquanto que a FC e o DP aumentaram (valores combinados = +11 ± 2 bpm e +803 ± 233 mmHg.bpm, respec¬tivamente, p ≤ 0,05). A PA e FC ambulatoriais pós-exercício foram semelhantes nas duas sessões e nos dois grupos. Conclusão: Uma única sessão de exercício resistido promove hipotensão pós-exercício semelhante em homens jovens e de meia-idade. A redução da PA se acompanha de aumento da FC e do trabalho cardíaco pós-exercício. Porém, estas respostas não se mantêm em condições ambulatoriais...

Post-resistance exercise hypotension has been extensively described in young subjects. However, hemodynamic parameters change with aging, and post-exercise responses may also vary. Thus, this study was designed to compare post-resistance exercise hypotension in young and middle-aged subjects. Method: Nine young (24 ± 1years) and eight middle-aged (42 ± 3years) healthy subjects underwent 2 experimental sessions conducted in a randomized order: control (C: 40 minutes of seated rest) and exercise (E: 6 exercises, 3 sets, repetitions until moderate fatigue, at 50% of 1-repetition maximum). Before and 60 minutes after the interventions, clinic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. In addition, ambulatory BP and HR were assessed for 24h after both sessions. Rate pressure product (RPP) was calculated. Results: Pre-interventions values were similar in both sessions and groups. Physiological responses to exercise were also similar between young and middle-aged subjects. Thus, clinic systolic, diastolic and mean BP decreased significantly and similarly after exercise in both groups (combined values = -6.4 ± 1.6, -4.5 ± 1.8, -5.1 ± 1.5 mmHg, respectively, p ≤ 0.05), while HR and RRP increased (combined values = +11 ± 2 bpm and +803 ± 233 mmHg. bpm, respectively, p ≤ 0.05). Ambulatory data were similar between sessions and groups. Conclusion: A single bout of resistance exercise promotes similar post-exercise hypotension in young and middle aged men. BP response is accompanied by an increase in HR and cardiac work. All these responses are not sustained under ambulatory conditions...